Activated Carbon

Activated carbon, also called activated charcoal, activated coal, or carbo activatus, is a form of carbon, processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions. It is usually derived from charcoal, and, increasingly, high-porosity biochar, bambo and palm kernel shell.

Activated carbon is used in gas purification, decaffeination, gold purification, metal extraction, water purification, medicine, sewage treatment, air filters in gas masks and respirators, filters in compressed air and many other applications.

One major industrial application involves use of activated carbon in the metal finishing field. It is very widely employed for purification of electroplating solutions. Activated carbon is used to treat poisonings and overdoses following oral ingestion. Tablets or capsules of activated carbon are used in many countries as an over-the-counter drug to treat diarrhea, indigestion, and flatulence.

Activated carbon is usually used in water filtration systems. Carbon adsorption has numerous applications in removing pollutants from air or water streams both in the field and in industrial processes such as spill cleanup, ground water remediation, drinking water filtration, air purification and volatile organic compounds capture from painting, dry cleaning, gasoline dispensing operations, and other processes. Activated carbon is also used for the measurement of radon concentration in air.

Filters made with activated carbon can be used to filter vodka and whiskey of organic impurities which can affect color, taste, and odor. Passing organically impure vodka through an activated carbon filter at the proper flow rate will result in vodka with an identical alcohol content and significantly increased organic purity, as judged by odor and taste.

Activated carbon, often impregnated with sulfur or iodine, is widely used to trap mercury emissions from coal-fired power stations, medical incinerators, and from natural gas at the wellhead.

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