Aluminium Phosphide

Aluminium phosphide (aluminum phosphide) A1P is a highly toxic inorganic compound used as a wide band gap semiconductor and as a fumigant pest control against insects and rodents. This colorless solid is generally sold as a grey-green-yellow powder due to the presence of impurities arising from hydrolysis and oxidation. It comes in different brand names such as Justoxin, Force Toxin, Phostoxin, Celphos, Multiphos etc.

Aluminium phosphide reacts with moisture, water or acids to release phosphine gas which serves as a fumigant againt insects andpest. It is used as a rodenticides, insecticide and fumigant for stored cereal grains. It is used to kill small verminous mammals such as moles and rodents.

The tablets or pellets, known as "wheat pills", typically also contain other chemicals that evolve ammonia which helps to reduce the potential for spontaneous ignition or explosion of the phosphine gas.
When applying, AlP is used as both a fumigant and an oral pesticide.

As rodenticides, aluminium phosphide pellets are provided as a mixture with food for consumption by the rodents. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.

Aluminium Phosphide is used as a fumigant when other pesticide applications are impractical and when structures and installations are being treated, such as in ships, aircraft, and grain silos. All of these structures can be effectively sealed or enclosed in a gastight membrane, thereby containing and concentrating the phosphine fumes. Fumigants are also applied directly to rodent burrows.

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