Biocide

Biocide is a chemical substance or microorganism which can deter, render harmless, or exert a controlling effect on any harmful organism by chemical or biological means.

Biocides are commonly used in medicine, agriculture, forestry, and industry. Biocidal substances and products are also employed as anti-fouling agents or disinfectants under other circumstances. Many biocides are synthetic, but except a class of natural biocides, derived from, e.g., bacteria and plants.

Popular in Nigeria and some other African countries are Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) Biocide and MAR-71 Biocide. The THPS Biocide is a kind of biocide designed for use in a variety of environmentally sensitive applications such as industrial cooling system and oilfield situations.

In general, a biocide can be a pesticide: this includes fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, algicides, molluscicides, miticides and rodenticides. As an antimicrobial, this includes germicides, antibiotics, antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals and antiparasites.

Biocides can be added to other materials (typically liquids such as water, lubricating oil or fuel) to protect them against biological infestation and growth. For example, certain types of quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) are added to pool water or industrial water systems to act as an algicide, protecting the water from infestation and growth of algae.

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